Animals - Animales: Dogs - Perros - Bull Terrier - Part 1 - Data in English y Español
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Open your mind, your heart to other cultures
Abra su mente, su corazón a otras culturas
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RM
Abra su mente, su corazón a otras culturas
You will be a better person
Usted será una mejor persona
RM
The Bull Terrier or English Bull Terrier is a breed of dog in the terrier family. They are known for their large, egg-shaped head, small triangular eyes, and "jaunty gait." Their temperament has been described as generally fun-loving, active and clownish. Bull terriers have appeared as characters in many cartoons, books, movies, and advertisements, perhaps most famously as party loving Spuds MacKenzie in Budweiser beer commercials in the late 1980s, and more recently as Bullseye the Target dog.
Description
Appearance
The Bull Terrier's most recognizable feature is its head, described as 'egg shaped' when viewed from the front, almost flat at the top, with a Roman muzzle sloping evenly down to the end of the nose with no stop. The unique triangle-shaped eyes are small, dark, and deep-set. The body is full and round, while the shoulders are robust and very muscular and the tail is carried horizontally. It walks with a jaunty gait, and is popularly known as the 'gladiator of the canine race'.[1]
There is no designated height or weight for the breed, but the average is, Height: 52–61 cm (21-24 inches), Weight: 22–38 kg (50-85 pounds) The Bull Terrier is the only recognized breed that has triangle-shaped eyes.
Temperament
Though this breed was once known as a fierce gladiator, it is much gentler today. A Bull Terrier might have a preventive effect, and it will certainly defend its owner in a truly critical situation. Bull terriers are known to be courageous, scrappy, fun-loving, active, clownish and fearless. The Bull Terrier tends to be a loyal and polite dog. They become very attached to their owners. The Bull Terrier thrives on a firm, consistent leadership and affection. They generally like to stay occupied, and fit in well with active families where they receive a great deal of companionship and supervision. They do not tend to do well in situations where they are left alone for 8 hours a day.[2] This breed can be a wonderful pet if very thoroughly socialized and trained, but not recommended for most households. They are fond of people of all ages, but if they do not get enough physical and mental exercise they may be too energetic for small children. Children should be taught how to display leadership towards the dog. Meek owners will find them to become very protective, willful, possessive and/or jealous. Bull Terriers may try to join into family roughhousing or quarrel. Bull Terriers generally must be given a lot of structure.[3] Unaltered males may not get along with other male dogs. Males and females can live together happily, and two females can also be a good combination with care and supervision. They should be introduced in a proper fashion to other non-canine pets such as cats, hamsters, and guinea pigs etc.
Health
All puppies should be checked for deafness, which occurs in 20% of pure white dogs and 1.3% of colored dogs[4] and is difficult to notice, especially in a relatively young puppy. Many Bull Terriers have a tendency to develop skin allergies.[5] Insect bites, such as those from fleas, and sometimes mosquitoes and mites, can produce a generalized allergic response of hives, rash, and itching. This problem can be stopped by keeping the dog free of contact from these insects, but this is definitely a consideration in climates or circumstances where exposure to these insects is inevitable. Their average lifespan is around 10–12 years,[6] although they may live longer - a male bull terrier house pet in South Wales, UK by the name of "Buller" lived to the age of 18 years.[citation needed] The oldest female Bull Terrier on record is an Australian house pet dubbed "Puppa Trout" who remained sprightly into her 17th year.[citation needed] The second oldest female Bull Terrier on record is "Boots Moon Stomp Stout (Crain)" of Denver, Colorado USA.[citation needed] Boots lived to be 16 years of age.[citation needed] Dr Geof Parks had a female bull terrier called Dee-Dee who lived to 17 years old; he adopted her from a corporation called Bull Terrier Welfare.
The Bull Terrier's coat is easy to maintain, but grooming can keep it in near-perfect condition. Adding oils to their meals can also vastly improve the quality of their coat.[citation needed] English Bull Terriers have thin, fine hair that requires minimal grooming. They are known to have light shedding patterns. Another important issue is that any whiteness around the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, stomach or hindquarters with a short and sparse haired breed such as this must be protected against the sun with a gentle but high SPF factored sunscreen to prevent sunburn and subsequent cancer.[citation needed] The Bull Terrier requires a fair amount of exercise.
Other common ailments: Umbilical Hernia and Acne.[citation needed] Bull Terriers can also suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder, such as tail sucking, self mutilation, and obsessive licking.[citation needed]
History
Early in the mid-19th century the "Bull and Terrier" breeds were developed to satisfy the needs for vermin control. The "Bull and Terriers" were based on the Old English Bulldog (now extinct) and one or more of Old English Terrier and "Black and tan terrier", now known as Manchester Terrier. This new breed combined the speed and dexterity of lightly built terriers with the dour tenacity of the Bulldog, which was a poor performer in most combat situations, having been bred almost exclusively for killing bulls and bears tied to a post. Due to the lack of breed standards—breeding was for performance, not appearance—the "Bull and Terrier" eventually divided into the ancestors of "Bull Terriers" and "Staffordshire Bull Terriers", both smaller and easier to handle than the progenitor.[7][8][9][10]
About 1850, James Hinks started breeding "Bull and Terriers" with "English White Terriers" (now extinct), looking for a cleaner appearance with better legs and nicer head. In 1862, Hinks entered a bitch called "Puss" sired by his white Bulldog called "Madman" into the Bull Terrier Class at the dog show held at the Cremorne Gardens in Chelsea. Originally known as the "Hinks Breed" and "The White Cavalier", these dogs did not yet have the now-familiar "egg face", but kept the stop in the skull profile.[11][12][13]
The dog was immediately popular and breeding continued, using Dalmatian, Greyhound, Spanish Pointer, Foxhound and Whippet to increase elegance and agility; and Borzoi and Collie to reduce the stop. Hinks wanted his dogs white, and bred specifically for this. Generally, however, breeding was aimed at increasing sturdiness: three "subtypes" were recognised by judges, Bulldog, Terrier and Dalmatian, each with its specific conformation, and a balance is now sought between the three. The first modern Bull Terrier is now recognised as "Lord Gladiator", from 1917, being the first dog with no stop at all.[7][11][12][14][15]
Due to medical problems associated with all-white breeding, Ted Lyon among others began introducing colour, using Staffordshire Bull Terriers in the early 20th century. Coloured Bull Terriers were recognised as a separate variety (at least by the AKC) in 1936. Brindle is the preferred colour, but other colours are welcome.[13]
Along with conformation, specific behaviour traits were sought. The epithet "White Cavalier", harking back to an age of chivalry, was bestowed on a breed which while never seeking to start a fight was well able to finish one, while socialising well with its "pack", including children and pups. Hinks himself had always aimed at a "gentleman's companion" dog rather than a pit-fighter—though Bullies were often entered in the pits, with some success. Today the Bullie is valued as a comical, mischievous, imaginative and intelligent (problem-solving) but stubborn house pet suitable for experienced owners.[7][16]
Bull Terrier facts
- The Afrikaans name for the Bull Terrier is Varkhond
- There is also a miniature version of this breed; this distinct breed is officially known as the Miniature Bull Terrier.
- Bull Terriers are prominently featured in Jonathan Carroll's 1980 novel The Land of Laughs.
- Bull Terriers have appeared in many movies, including: A Dog's Life (1918), It's a Dog's Life (1955), Oliver!, Baxter, Patton, Toy Story, Babe: Pig in the City, Next Friday, Friday After Next, Frankenweenie, Trainspotting, Bulletproof, Derailed, "Scotland, PA", The Incredible Journey and Space Buddies.
- A Bull Terrier appears in several scenes of the 1976 film Je t'aime... moi non plus. It was owned by the film's director Serge Gainsbourg and called Nana.
- Bull Terriers have also featured in television shows such as the 1970s television show Baa Baa Black Sheep, in the opening credits of the British television show Barking Mad, and in the short lived Fox series Keen Eddie.
- A Bull Terrier is the main character in a Max Brand novel "The White Wolf".
- Spuds Mackenzie, a dog featured in an advertising campaign for Bud Light beer in the late 1980s, was a bull terrier.
- American children's writer and illustrator Chris Van Allsburg features a bull terrier named Fritz in at least one scene in every book.
Famous Bull Terriers
- Abraxas Aaran, who portrayed Willie, the title character's dog, in the 1970 film Patton.
- Baxter, from the film Baxter - with the tagline, "Méfiez-vous du chien qui pense." ("Beware the dog that thinks.")
- Blue, owned by Canadian hockey commentator Don Cherry, is widely considered to be almost as famous as Cherry himself.[17]
- Bodger, an old white bull terrier, is a major character in the book The Incredible Journey by Sheila Burnford and the movie
- Brut, in the novel, Answers to Brut, by Gillian Rubinstein
- Bullseye is the name of a bull terrier owned by Bill Sikes in the movie Oliver!.
- Bullseye mascot of the Target Corporation
- Chester, Chad's (Preppy) dog in Rockstar Vancouver's video game Bully
- Chico, a dog in Next Friday and Friday After Next
- Creampuff, one of Irish Murphy's pig hunting dogs from the Footrot Flats comic series.[18]
- Darla, a bull terrier owned by Kirk Hammett of the thrash metal band Metallica.
- Dave, an old white bull terrier of the Priory Estate.
- Diablo, a bull terrier owned by Hip-Hop artist Adil Omar.
- Fritz, the black-and-white bull terrier who appears in every Chris Van Allsburg book.
- Fuchs, owned by Adolf Hitler during World War I. During the war is was stolen from him.
- Grimm, of the cartoon series Mother Goose and Grimm.
- Jock, one of the most famous dogs in South Africa. He was the companion of the Percy Fitzpatrick. A book was written about him by Fitzpatrick, It was called Jock of the Bushveld.(staffordshire bull terrier NOT a bull terrier
- Kiwi, Odd's dog is rumored to be a bull terrier but he looks more like a Whippet.
- Lockjaw, Pepper's companion in Sierra's Pepper's Adventures in Time.
- Meatball, White bull terrier pet of Major Gregory "Pappy" Boyington in Baa Baa Black Sheep (TV series).
- Mumps, the bull terrier who wanders around with Bob Jakin, a prominent character in the novel "The Mill on the Floss" by George Eliot.
- Pete, from the Fox-television series "Keen Eddie", 13 episodes, 2003
- Rex from the film Stealing Harvard. Rex is a mean dog who always agrees with his master. However, his crankyness goes away when he tries to bite a man in the crotch and ends up falling in love and having sex with him.
- Ronnie, Rick Springfield's bull terrier appearing on the cover of his album Working Class Dog.
- Rude Dog.
- Rufus, the most decorated bull terrier in the history of the breed; winnings include National Dog Show (Best in Show, 2005), the Morris & Essex Kennel Club (Best in Show, 2005), and the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show (Best in Show, 2006).
- Sam, who accompanied Alby Mangels, Dutch-Australian adventurer, on his world travels.
- Scud, from the Disney/Pixar film Toy Story.
- Sparky, the dog who appears in "Frankenweenie"
- Spuds MacKenzie - "star" of Bud Light beer commercials in the late 1980s
- Spunky, of Rocko's Modern Life, resembles a Bull Terrier and was also the name of a famous MA Bull Terrier.
- Sputnik from Space Buddies.
- Tugg, a bull terrier that has gained a large internet following on facebook. He was found as an abused and abandoned dog, and has chronicled his recovery on the net for all to see.[19]
- The Bull Terrier from the 1998 film Babe: Pig in the City
- Whiskey, from the Eidos Commandos series
- Willie, owned by World War II US Army General George S. Patton and named after William the Conqueror.
- Unnamed bull terriers regularly appearing in New Yorker cartoonist George Booth's cartoons.[20]
- Unnamed dog from Angry Kid
See also
References
- ^ CKC Breed Standards, ckc.ca
- ^ "AKC MEET THE BREEDS: Bull Terrier". American Kennel Club. http://www.akc.org/breeds/bull_terrier/. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
- ^ Bull Terriers. Bull Terrier Club of America. 2009. pp. 2. http://www.btca.com/content/documents/pdf/education%20trifold.10.09.pdf.
- ^ LSU.edu
- ^ Skin Disorders and Problems of Dogs, vetinfo4dogs.com
- ^ [1]
- ^ a b c Canterbury Bull Terrier Club, bullterriersnz.com
- ^ The Bull Terrier Ring, ringsurf.com
- ^ The Bulldog & Terrier crosses, moloss.com
- ^ The Canine Information Library:Bull and Terrier Breeds, bulldoginformation.com
- ^ a b The Canine Information Library:Bull and Terrier Breeds:Bull Terrier, bulldoginformation.com
- ^ a b (Bull Terrier) The History of the breed, molossermania.com
- ^ a b American Kennel Club:Bull Terrier History, akc.org
- ^ ANKC: Extended Breed Standard of The Bull Terrier & Bull Terrier (Miniature), ankc.org.au
- ^ South African Bull Terrier Club: Are We Breeding Wimps Or Gladiators?, sabullterriers.com
- ^ Breed Standard - Bull Terrier - Terrier, nzkc.org.nz
- ^ CBC "The Greatest Canadian: Don Cherry"
- ^ "The Ballad of Footrot Flats" Murray Ball, Hodder Moa Beckett (1996), ISBN 1-86958-348-5
- ^ "Tugg the Bull Terrier"
- ^ Amy Finch, The illustrated man George Booth, the New Yorker's sage of disorder, bostonphoenix.com
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bull Terrier |
- Bullterrierssa.co.za, A complete encyclopedia
- Colouredbullterrierclub.com, UK Coloured Bull Terrier Club
- [2] article on Bull Terriers
- Bulldoginformation.com, Bull Terrier Info Page
- BulliesInNeed.org.uk, Rescuing and rehoming Bull Terriers in the UK since 2002
- BullTerrierRescue.org
- [3] information on the dogs and their capabilities
Apariencia
Es un perro fuerte, musculoso y de pelo corto. Los colores aceptados son el blanco (se permiten manchas en la cabeza únicamente, en las demás partes del cuerpo son penalizadas en exposiciones). Los colores negro atigrado, rojo, leonado y tricolor son aceptados. No se tienen en cuenta las marcas de pigmentación en la piel, siempre y cuando no involucren pelo. Los colores azul e hígado son altamente indeseables.
El estándar del Bull Terrier Club en Inglaterra, el club más antiguo de la raza y originario de la misma, plantea que el atigrado es el color más deseado, dada la importancia que el color al momento de incluirse estos primeros ejemplares, ya que ayudaron a corregir problemas de sordera y refrescar el pool genético de la raza, por lo tanto esta recomendación aun se mantiene incluida en el estándar de la raza.
Las características del Bull Terrier son la forma ovalada de su cabeza, que de perfil se curva hacia abajo desde la parte superior del cráneo hasta el extremo del hocico. La frente es plana de oreja a oreja, de frente la cabeza tiene la forma de un huevo. Y los ojos en forma triangular.
No existen límites de peso o estatura, pero el ejemplar debe dar una impresión de máxima solidez en relación con sus rasgos distintivos y sexo, pero pueden alcanzar los 35 kg. Existe una variedad de Bull Terrier miniatura en donde si se es penalizado superar cierta estatura.
Temperamento
Los Bull Terrier son por lo general perros amigables, rara vez agresivos. Su fuerza física es comparable a su inteligencia, y tanto su cuerpo como su mente deben mantenerse activos. Necesitan tiempo para correr y hacer ejercicio. No son muy indicados para principiantes en la cría de perros, ya que requieren mucho tiempo para ser adiestrados. Son perros muy cariñosos y adoran la compañía, así que no es buena idea dejarlos solos durante mucho tiempo, dado que con sus potentes mandíbulas junto con el estrés que llegan a tener en soledad pueden llevarlos a ocasionar muchos daños en la vivienda y es un excelente perro de compañía.
Historia
El cruce de las razas, ahora extintas, Old English Bulldog y Old English White Terrier dio lugar a una nueva raza llamada Bull and Terrier, a finales del siglo XVIII en Gran Bretaña. También aparecen rastros genéticos del Dálmata en el Bull Terrier, concretamente en los lunares que suelen aparecer en la piel de la zona del estómago.
Hacia 1860, el Bull and Terrier se dividió en dos ramas, el Bull Terrier blanco puro y las variedades de color que frecuentaron las peleas de perros (aunque no fue el fin para el que fueron creados pues se trata de un perro de compañía) hasta que se reconocieron finalmente como raza de perro legítima.
El Bull Terrier se crió para ser un perro de exposición y compañía.
Su Creador
James Hinks
Es el padre de la raza, nacido en 1829 en Irlanda en la ciudad de Mullingar, en una de las regiones más pobres del país, su padre, un zapatero de nombre John Hinks ganaba lo suficiente en aquellos días para mantener su familia sin morir de hambre, en 1851 decidieron mudarse a la ciudad de Birmingham, en un sector industrial, donde Hinks hijo comenzó a trabajar en las forjas y era afortunado de tener un trabajo y un salario estable, y este mismo año se casó con Elizabeth Moore y tuvieron tres hijos, el mayor, James II, una niña de nombre Mary y el pequeño Frederick. Ya para 1854 Hinks comenzó a comerciar con aves de corral, lo cual le dio un mejor estatus y como afición tenía la cría de aves ornamentales, ratones silvestres. Con su Bulldog "Old Madman" comenzó en la crianza de perros, y su posición social y las comodidades para su familia mejoraron.
En 1858 nace un cuarto hijo, Alfred, y en 1864 ya la familia contaba con ocho hijos en total, no fue sino hasta la década del sesenta que Hinks apareció registrado en la guía de direcciones como un criador de aves y perros. Lamentablemente Hinks murió a la corta edad de 47 años, afectado por una mortal tuberculosis, pero su esfuerzo le llevó desde la parte más pobre de su natal Irlanda, hasta una más acomodada vida para su familia en Birminghan en Inglaterra, y su herencia según su testamento fue a manos de su esposa Elizabeth.
Pese a que se sabe muy poco sobre los cruces que Hinks llevó a cabo para conseguir los Bull Terriers, está documentado por Henry Walsh, que quizás Hinks usara el antiguo Bulldog Inglés, El English White Terrier, El Dálmata y quizás hasta el Greyhound. Sin lugar a dudas fue su perro Old Madman, quien siendo criado para las exposiciones y no para las peleas jugó un papel determinante en el nacimiento de la nueva raza. Como parte del folklore de la raza, se cuenta que la perra de Hinks, llamada "Puss", después de una exhibición o durante ella, combatió contra una perra Pit de propiedad de Mr. Tupper y después de media hora, Puss retornó triunfante con unas pequeñas marcas en su hocico.
Entre 1855 y 1868 Hinks fue el propietario de al menos los siguientes perros: Bull Terrier “Spring” (Jerry x Daisy), “Bulldog Nettle” (Grip x Nettle), Bull Terrier, “Joven Puss” (Old Madman x Old Puss), the Terrier, “Lady” (Stormer x Daisy), Bull Terrier, “Kit” (pedigree desconocido), Dalmatian, “Spot” (Joss x Dinah) y un Greyhound llamado “Dart” (Chap x Fly). Hinks incluso era el propietario de todos los padres de estos perros y cabe anotar que no sólo Hinks contribuyó al desarrollo de la raza Bull Terrier, sino todas aquellas personas que compraron sus cachorros blancos, y no fue si no hasta después de 1900 que se tuvo un Bull Terrier de color.
El legado de Hinks es conocido mundialmente, y sus hijos James II y Frederick, continuaron el trabajo de su padre incluso el hijo de James II, Carleton, fue un criador de la raza hasta su muerte en 1977. Siendo ésta la manera de honrar el apasionado trabajo de su abuelo y su amor por la exhibición, la crianza y por sus perros.
Salud
Los Bull Terriers normalmente están libres de enfermedades genéticas.
Los Bull Terriers suelen vivir de 9 a 10 años, aunque pueden vivir más. La perra más vieja de la que se tiene conocimiento es una australiana llamada "Puppa Trout", que vivió hasta los 25 años.
El pelo de un Bull Terrier es fácil de mantener, por lo que un cepillado frecuente puede tenerlo en condiciones casi perfectas. También puede ayudar añadir aceite en su alimentación.
Los Bull Terriers necesitan hacer bastante ejercicio, sin sobreejercitarlo en edad joven, ya que eso puede provocar problemas musculares. Además, la raza es conocida por ser muy glotona, por lo que debe dosificarse la comida y el ejercicio. Son excelentes perros guardianes y tienen el oído muy bien afinado. Los Bull Terrier también pueden sufrir comportamientos Obsesivo compulsivos como perseguirse el rabo dándose vueltas, automutilarse, saltar, moderse el muslo, comer sus heces y lamerse la pata; a estos animales les gusta estar en compañía, generalmente de niños; otra de sus cualidades: es muy fácil de entrenar o educar.
Otros datos
- Es una de las razas utilizadas para la creación del Dogo Argentino (Perro de caza mayor).
- Aunque el nombre pueda llevar a confusión, los Bull Terriers no están directamente relacionados con los American Pit Bull Terriers. Sin embargo, ambas razas tienen la misma ascendencia.
- Existe una versión en miniatura de esta raza, llamada oficialmente Bull Terrier Miniatura.
- El Bull Terrier es la única raza reconocida con ojos triangulares.[cita requerida]
- El Bull Terrier carece de depresión fronto nasal. El primer Bull Terrier mundialmente conocido con este perfil particular fue Lord Gladiator, nacido en 1918.[cita requerida]
- El Bull Terrier es enormemente fuerte por lo cual no se debe dejar desatendido con un niño menor de 8 años, puesto que tienden a saltar, jugar y por su masa muscular pueden derribar sin intención al niño, por eso es recomendable hacer una introducción paulatina entre el niño y el perro, para que de esta manera, el perro comprenda los límites y el niño aprenda a interactuar con el perro.[cita requerida]
- El Bull Terrier es una de las pocas razas a las que le gusta comerse las uñas cuando no se las cortan.[cita requerida]
- Se dice que el Bull Terrier es la raza canina con la mayor fuerza en la mordida.[cita requerida]
Véase también
- Síndrome de furia
- Portal:Perros. Contenido relacionado con Perros.
Enlaces externos
- Foro y comunidad de Bull Terrier
- Comunidad Bull Terrier en español
- Astrobull Bull Terriers
- Gambling Bull Terriers
Referencias
- ↑ Basado en el artículo de Ria Horter, Masterminds. Traducido y Adaptado al español por Ricardo Echeverry, Astrobull Bull Terriers.
Westminster champion Rufus
Getty images
Perro hipnotizado - Hypnotized dog
Animals - Animales: Dogs - Perros - Bull Terrier - Part 1 - Data in English y Español
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