NASA: Irrigation along the Shebelle River. Ethiopia - Hobet Mine. West Virginia. EE.UU.
Posted by Ricardo Marcenaro | Posted in NASA: Irrigation along the Shebelle River. Ethiopia - Hobet Mine. West Virginia. EE.UU. | Posted on 15:05
Open your mind, your heart to other cultures
Abra su mente, su corazón a otras culturas
You will be a better person
Usted será una mejor persona
RM
Abra su mente, su corazón a otras culturas
You will be a better person
Usted será una mejor persona
RM
Irrigation along the Shebelle River
The Shebelle River has its headwaters in the Ethiopian Highlands and transports water and sediment 1,000 kilometers (621 miles) to the southeast across Ethiopia, before continuing an additional 130 kilometers (80 miles) into Somalia. The river supports limited agricultural development within the arid to semi-arid Ogaden Plateau of southeastern Ethiopia.
This astronaut photograph illustrates a network of irrigation canals and fields located approximately 42 kilometers (26 miles) to the west-northwest of the city of Gode. Floodplain sediments and soils are dark brown to gray (image center), and contrast with the reddish rocks and soils on the adjacent plateau. Vegetation in the flood plain (image top center) and agricultural fields is dark green.
Water in the Shebelle River and the irrigation canals has a bright, mirror-like appearance due to sunglint, or light reflecting off the water surface back toward the International Space Station. The river water supports a variety of crops—the most common being sorghum and maize—as well as grazing for livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, and camels).
The Shebelle River does not reach the Indian Ocean during most years, but disappears into the sands near the coast in Somalia. During periods of heavy rainfall and flooding however, the Shebelle can reach the Indian Ocean.
Astronaut photograph ISS027-E-9564 was acquired on March 31, 2011, with a Nikon D2Xs digital camera using a 400 mm lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The image was taken by the Expedition 27 crew. The image has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast. Lens artifacts have been removed. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. Caption by William L. Stefanov, NASA-JSC.
- Instrument:
- ISS - Digital Camera
Hobet Mine, West Virginia
Long before there were people, there were swamps. Those carbon-rich landscapes were eventually buried by mud and sand and rock. The weight of the overlying rocks compressed the swamps into coal seams. Hundreds of millions of years after the first swamps were buried and moved around the earth by geologic and tectonic forces, humans discovered that coal seams were an abundant source of fuel.
In West Virginia’s Appalachian Mountains, multiple layers of coal lie underground in ancient rocks. In some places, miners remove mountaintops to get at that coal. Acquired by NASA’s Landsat 5 satellite, these natural-color images show the growth of one such mine, Hobet, between 2000 and 2010.
The surface mine shows the most development around Mud River and Connelly Branch. A feature in our World of Change series—Mountaintop Mining, West Virginia—documents the growth of Hobet mine from 1984 to 2010. Here is an excerpt:
The law requires coal operators to try to restore the land to its approximate original shape, but the rock debris generally can’t be securely piled as high or graded as steeply as the original mountaintop. There is always too much rock left over, and coal companies dispose of it by building valley fills in hollows, gullies, and streams.
The most dramatic valley fill is what appears to be the near-complete filling of Connelly Branch from its source to its mouth at the Mud River. According to a report from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, nearly 40 percent of the year-round and seasonal streams in the Mud River watershed upstream of and including Connelly Branch had been filled or approved for filling through 1998. In 2009, the EPA intervened in the approval of a permit to further expand the Hobet mine into the Berry Branch area, and worked with mine operators to minimize the disturbance and to reduce the number and size of valley fills. In 2010, the EPA reported that Hobet 45 mine met the requirements of the Clean Water Act.
NASA Earth Observatory image created by Robert Simmon, using Landsat data provided by the United States Geological Survey. Caption by Michon Scott.
- Instrument:
- Landsat 5 - TM
NASA: Irrigation along the Shebelle River. Ethiopia - Hobet Mine. West Virginia. EE.UU.
You have an alphabetical guide in the foot of the page in the blog: solitary dog sculptor
In the blog: Solitary Dog Sculptor I, the alphabetical guide is on the right side of the page
Thanks
Usted tiene una guía alfabética al pie de la página en el blog: solitary dog sculptor
En el blog: Solitary Dog Sculptor I, la guia alfabética está en el costado derecho de la página
Gracias
Ricardo M Marcenaro - Facebook
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My blogs are an open house to all cultures, religions and countries. Be a follower if you like it, with this action you are building a new culture of tolerance, open mind and heart for peace, love and human respect.
Thanks :)
Mis blogs son una casa abierta a todas las culturas, religiones y países. Se un seguidor si quieres, con esta acción usted está construyendo una nueva cultura de la tolerancia, la mente y el corazón abiertos para la paz, el amor y el respeto humano.
Gracias :)
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