Animals: Dogs - Perros - Pit Bull - Data (English - Castellano - Links to others languages) - Ricardo Marcenaro words palabras
Posted by Ricardo Marcenaro | Posted in Animals: Dogs - Perros - Pit Bull - Data (English - Castellano - Links to others languages) - Ricardo Marcenaro words palabras | Posted on 21:50
Pit Bull
Thanks for the photos to DCsportFan Flickr account
Pit Bull is a term commonly used to describe several breeds of dog in the molosser family.
Most jurisdictions that restrict pit bulls, including Ontario, Canada,[1] and Denver, Colorado,[2] use the term "pit bull" to refer to the modern American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier. However, a few jurisdictions, such as Singapore[3] and Maumelle, Arkansas,[4] also classify the modern American Bulldog as a "pit bull-type dog". All three breeds share a similar history, with origins rooted from the bulldog and a variety of terriers. The term can also refer to dogs that were known as "bull terriers" prior to the development of the modern Bull Terrier in the early 20th century.
Research has been conducted into human fatalities related to pit bull type dogs, due to a number of well-publicized incidents. These incidents resulted in breed-specific legislation being enacted in several jurisdictions. This, in turn, has led to an increase in rates of liability insurance, and in some instances has led to airlines placing restrictions on air travel for pit bulls, though in some instances restrictions are in place for the dogs' own well-being.
History
Though the pit bull type dogs were all created with similar crossbreeding between bulldogs and terriers, each individual breed within the type has a somewhat different history. There are an estimated 74.8 million owned dogs in the United States;[5] however, the number of pit bull-type dogs has not been reliably determined.[6] Animal shelters in the United States euthanized approximately 1.7 million dogs in 2008; approximately 980,000, or 58 percent of these were assessed to have been pit bull-type dogs.[7]
American Pit Bull Terrier
Main article: American Pit Bull Terrier
The American Pit Bull Terrier is the product of interbreeding between terriers and a breed of bulldogs to produce a dog that combined the gameness of the terrier with the strength and athleticism of the bulldog.[8] These dogs were initially bred in England, Ireland, and Scotland, and arrived in the United States with immigrants from these countries. In the United States, these dogs were used as catch dogs for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt, to drive livestock, and as family companions;[8] however, some were selectively bred for their fighting prowess,[9] and starting in the early 20th century, they began to replace the bull terrier as the "dog of choice" for dog fighting in the United States.[10][11]
The United Kennel Club (UKC) was the first registry to recognize the American Pit Bull Terrier.[12] UKC founder C. Z. Bennett assigned UKC registration number 1 to his own dog, "Bennett's Ring", as an American Pit Bull Terrier in 1898.[8]
American pit bull terriers today successfully fill the role of companion dog, police dog,[13][14][15] and therapy dog;[16] however, terriers in general have a higher tendency towards dog aggression[17] and American Pit Bull Terriers constitute the majority of dogs used for illegal dog fighting in the United States.[18] In addition, law enforcement organizations report these dogs are used for other nefarious purposes, such as guarding illegal narcotics operations,[19] use against the police,[20] and as weapons.[21]
The fighting reputation of pit bull-type dogs led the San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in 1996 to relabel pit bull terriers as "St. Francis Terriers" (not to be confused with the "Terrier" mascot of St. Francis College in New York) so that they might be more readily adopted;[22] 60 temperament-screened dogs were adopted until the program was halted after several of the newly adopted dogs killed cats.[23] The New York City Center for Animal Care and Control tried a similar approach in 2004 by relabeling their pit bull terriers as "New Yorkies", but dropped the idea in the face of overwhelming public opposition.[24][25]
American Staffordshire Terrier
Main article: American Staffordshire Terrier
Although the early ancestors of this breed came from England, the development of the American Staffordshire Terrier is the story of a truly American breed. This type of dog was instrumental in the success of farmers and settlers who developed this country. They were used for general farm work, guarding the homestead, and general companionship.
A number of the early ancestors were also developed for the "sport" of dog fighting. The extraordinary vitality of this breed is a direct result of breeding for successful fighting dogs.[26]
Until the early part of the 19th century the Bulldog was bred with great care in England for the purpose of baiting bulls. Pictures from as late as 1870 represent the Bulldog of that day more like the present-day American Staffordshire Terrier than like the present-day Bulldog. Some writers contend it was the White English Terrier, or the Black and Tan Terrier, that was used as a cross with the Bulldog to perfect the Staffordshire Terrier. It seems easier to believe that any game terrier, such as the Fox Terrier of the early 1800s, was used in this cross, since some of the foremost authorities on dogs of that time state that the Black-and-Tan and the white English Terrier were none too game, but these same authorities go on to stress the gameness of the Fox Terrier. In analyzing the three above-mentioned terriers at that time, we find that there was not a great deal of difference in body conformation, the greatest differences being in color, aggressiveness, and spirit. In any event, it was the cross between the Bulldog and the terrier that resulted in the Staffordshire Terrier, which was originally called the Bull-and-Terrier Dog, Half and Half, and at times Pit Dog or Pit Bullterrier. Later, it assumed the name in England of Staffordshire Bull Terrier. These dogs began to find their way into America as early as 1870 where they became known as Pit Dog, Pit Bull Terrier, later American Bull Terrier, and still later as Yankee Terrier.[27]
Staffordshire Bull Terrier
Main article: Staffordshire Bull Terrier
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier had its beginnings in England many centuries ago when the bulldog and Mastiff were used for the sports of bull-baiting and bear-baiting; in the Elizabethan era, breeders produced large dogs for these sports but later on the 100–120 pound animal gave way to a small, more agile breed of up to 90 pounds.[28]
The sport of dog fighting gained popularity in England in the early 19th century and a smaller, faster dog was developed. It was called by names such as "Bulldog Terrier" and "Bull and Terrier". The Bulldog at that time was larger than the modern-day English Bulldog we know today, weighing about 60 pounds. This dog was crossed with a small native terrier, related to the present-day Manchester Terrier, to produce the Staffordshire Bull Terrier weighing on average between 30 and 45 pounds.[28]
James Hinks, in about 1860, crossed the Old Pit Bull Terrier, now known as the Staffordshire Bull Terrier, and produced the all-white English Bull Terrier. The Kennel Club in Great Britain recognized the Bull Terrier in the last quarter of the 19th century, but the Staffordshire Bull Terrier's reputation as a fighting dog was such that The Kennel Club did not recognize the breed until 1935, a century after the sport of dog fighting became illegal in Great Britain under the Cruelty to Animals Act 1835.[28]
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier was admitted to registration in the AKC Stud Book effective October 1, 1974, with regular show classification in the Terrier Group at AKC shows available on and after March 5, 1975.[29]
Related human fatalities
A limited number of studies have been performed on the number of human deaths due to bite trauma caused by dogs, and have generally surveyed news media stories for reports of dog bite-related fatalities. This methodology is subject to several potential sources of error: some fatal attacks may not have been reported; a study might not find all of the relevant news reports; and the potential for misidentification of dog breeds,[6] although courts in the United States[30][31] and Canada[32][33] have ruled that expert identification, when using published breed standards, is sufficient for the enforcement of breed-specific legislation. It is possible to distinguish dogs by breed using DNA testing,[33] but test results for any one dog can vary widely depending upon the laboratory that performs the test and the number of purebred dog breeds in the laboratory's DNA database.[34]
The number of fatalities attributed to pit bull-type dogs is not affected by a physiological "locking mechanism" since there is no evidence for the existence of such a mechanism in the teeth or jaw structure of normal pit bull-type dogs,[35] although many dog's jaws can be locked in a closed position by surgically-correctable jaw abnormalities.[36] Despite the lack of a physiological "jaw locking" mechanism, pit bull-type dogs often exhibit "bite, hold, and shake" behavior and refuse to release when biting,[19][37] so some pit bull rescue organizations and advocacy groups recommend owners of pit bull-type dogs carry a "break stick" to lever their dog's jaws open if it bites a person or animal.[17][38]
Beginning in the 1970s studies were undertaken that attempted to determine the danger specific breeds posed to public safety. The studies were primarily based on press coverage of dog attacks and nationwide breed population estimates.[citation needed] Most identified pit bull type dogs as a primary cause of dog related deaths. As a result of these surveys several countries and numerous regions have developed breed specific legislation identifying pit bulls as 'vicious' or 'dangerous' dog breeds.[citation needed] In recent years researchers have been able to compare the behavior of pit bull type breeds with breeds not labeled as dangerous. One study has shown that pit bulls within these areas "had no significant behavioral difference".[39]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2000)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published in 2000 a study on dog bite-related fatalities (DBRF) that covered the years 1979–1998. The study found reports of 238 people killed by dogs over the 24-year period, of which "pit bull terrier" or mixes thereof were reportedly responsible for killing 76, or about 32 percent, of the people killed by dogs in the attacks identified in the study. The breed with the next-highest number of attributed fatalities was the Rottweiler and mixes thereof, with 44 fatalities or about 18 percent of the study-identified fatalities. In aggregate, pit bulls, Rottweilers, and mixes thereof were involved in about 50% of the fatalities identified over the 20-year period covered by the study, and for 67% of the DBRF reported in the final two years studied (1997–1998), concluding
"It is extremely unlikely that they [pit bull-type dogs and Rottweilers] accounted for anywhere near 60% of dogs in the United States during that same period and, thus, there appears to be a breed-specific problem with fatalities."[6]
The report's authors went on to say:
"Although the fatality data are concerning, one must broaden the context to consider both fatal and nonfatal bites when deciding on a course of action. ...[A] 36% increase in medically attended bites from 1986 to 1994 draws attention to the need for an effective response, including dog bite prevention programs. Because (1) fatal bites constitute less than 0.00001% of all dog bites annually, (2) fatal bites have remained relatively constant over time, whereas nonfatal bites have been increasing, and (3) fatal bites are rare at the usual political level where bite regulations are promulgated and enforced, we believe that fatal bites should not be the primary factor driving public policy regarding dog bite prevention."
The report's authors suggested that "generic non–breed-specific, dangerous dog laws can be enacted that place primary responsibility for a dog's behavior on the owner, regardless of the dog's breed. In particular, targeting chronically irresponsible dog owners may be effective."[40]
The latest CDC "Dog Bite: Fact Sheet" includes a disclaimer regarding this study, saying that
"it does not identify specific breeds that are most likely to bite or kill, and thus is not appropriate for policy-making decisions related to the topic. Each year, 4.7 million Americans are bitten by dogs. These bites result in approximately 16 fatalities; about 0.0002 percent of the total number of people bitten. These relatively few fatalities offer the only available information about breeds involved in dog bites. There is currently no accurate way to identify the number of dogs of a particular breed, and consequently no measure to determine which breeds are more likely to bite or kill."[41]
National Canine Research Council
Karen Delise, Founder and Director of Research, has been investigating fatal dog attacks since 1990. She is the author of two books, Fatal Dog Attacks: The Stories Behind the Statistics and The Pit Bull Placebo: The Media Myths and Politics of Canine Aggression.[42][1] Her data set extends back to the 19th century. Delise refuses to rely only on news accounts, as she and other researchers have found them to be untrustworthy, in and of themselves.[43][2] Rather, she has obtained official documents whenever they are available. She has interviewed police investigators, animal control officers and, medical examiners.[44][3] According to her results, the overwhelming majority of dogs involved in human fatalities, irrespective of breed or type, were not dogs which had been afforded the opportunity to interact with humans on a daily basis and in positive and humane ways. They were dogs obtained and kept as other than pets. Most were also poorly managed and controlled.[45][4] Any single-vector study of serious and fatal attacks will overlook the critical circumstances in these incidents that have remained constant over the decades, even as the breeds identified in attacks have changed.
Canadian Veterinary Journal (2008)
An electronic search of newspaper articles by Dr. Malathi Raghavan, DVM, PhD, found that pit bull terriers were responsible for 1 of 28 (3.6%) dog bite-related fatalities reported in Canada from 1990 through 2007.[46]
Clifton report (2009)
Mr. Merritt Clifton, editor of Animal People News,[47] has compiled from press reports a log of dog attack deaths and severe bites in the United States and Canada from September 1982 through December 22, 2009. The study methodology counted attacks "by dogs of clearly identified breed type or ancestry, as designated by animal control officers or others with evident expertise, [that] have been kept as pets." Mr. Clifton acknowledges that the log "is by no means a complete list of fatal or otherwise serious dog attacks" since it excludes "dogs whose breed type may be uncertain, ...attacks by police dogs, guard dogs, and dogs trained specifically to fight..."[48]
The study found reports of 345 people killed by dogs over the 27-year period, of which "pit bull terrier", or mixes thereof, were reportedly responsible for killing 159, or about 46 percent, of the people killed by dogs in the attacks identified in the study. The breed with the next-highest number of attributed fatalities was the Rottweiler and mixes thereof, with 70 fatalities or about 20 percent of the study-identified fatalities; in aggregate, pit bulls, Rottweilers, and mixes thereof were involved in about 66% of the study-identified fatalities. In that same study, the number of serious maimings by a "pit bull terrier" was 778; the number of serious maimings by a Rottweiller was 244. The number of attributed fatalities to the German Shepherd dog was 9. The number of serious maimings by a German Shepherd was 50.[48]
Mr. Clifton concluded that
"Temperament is not the issue, nor is it even relevant. What is relevant is actuarial risk. If almost any other dog has a bad moment, someone may get bitten, but will not be maimed for life or killed, and the actuarial risk is accordingly reasonable. If a pit bull terrier has a bad moment, often someone is maimed or killed—and that has now created off-the-chart actuarial risk, for which the dogs as well as their victims are paying the price."[48]
More here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_Bull
Most jurisdictions that restrict pit bulls, including Ontario, Canada,[1] and Denver, Colorado,[2] use the term "pit bull" to refer to the modern American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, and Staffordshire Bull Terrier. However, a few jurisdictions, such as Singapore[3] and Maumelle, Arkansas,[4] also classify the modern American Bulldog as a "pit bull-type dog". All three breeds share a similar history, with origins rooted from the bulldog and a variety of terriers. The term can also refer to dogs that were known as "bull terriers" prior to the development of the modern Bull Terrier in the early 20th century.
Research has been conducted into human fatalities related to pit bull type dogs, due to a number of well-publicized incidents. These incidents resulted in breed-specific legislation being enacted in several jurisdictions. This, in turn, has led to an increase in rates of liability insurance, and in some instances has led to airlines placing restrictions on air travel for pit bulls, though in some instances restrictions are in place for the dogs' own well-being.
History
Though the pit bull type dogs were all created with similar crossbreeding between bulldogs and terriers, each individual breed within the type has a somewhat different history. There are an estimated 74.8 million owned dogs in the United States;[5] however, the number of pit bull-type dogs has not been reliably determined.[6] Animal shelters in the United States euthanized approximately 1.7 million dogs in 2008; approximately 980,000, or 58 percent of these were assessed to have been pit bull-type dogs.[7]
American Pit Bull Terrier
Main article: American Pit Bull Terrier
The American Pit Bull Terrier is the product of interbreeding between terriers and a breed of bulldogs to produce a dog that combined the gameness of the terrier with the strength and athleticism of the bulldog.[8] These dogs were initially bred in England, Ireland, and Scotland, and arrived in the United States with immigrants from these countries. In the United States, these dogs were used as catch dogs for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt, to drive livestock, and as family companions;[8] however, some were selectively bred for their fighting prowess,[9] and starting in the early 20th century, they began to replace the bull terrier as the "dog of choice" for dog fighting in the United States.[10][11]
The United Kennel Club (UKC) was the first registry to recognize the American Pit Bull Terrier.[12] UKC founder C. Z. Bennett assigned UKC registration number 1 to his own dog, "Bennett's Ring", as an American Pit Bull Terrier in 1898.[8]
American pit bull terriers today successfully fill the role of companion dog, police dog,[13][14][15] and therapy dog;[16] however, terriers in general have a higher tendency towards dog aggression[17] and American Pit Bull Terriers constitute the majority of dogs used for illegal dog fighting in the United States.[18] In addition, law enforcement organizations report these dogs are used for other nefarious purposes, such as guarding illegal narcotics operations,[19] use against the police,[20] and as weapons.[21]
The fighting reputation of pit bull-type dogs led the San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in 1996 to relabel pit bull terriers as "St. Francis Terriers" (not to be confused with the "Terrier" mascot of St. Francis College in New York) so that they might be more readily adopted;[22] 60 temperament-screened dogs were adopted until the program was halted after several of the newly adopted dogs killed cats.[23] The New York City Center for Animal Care and Control tried a similar approach in 2004 by relabeling their pit bull terriers as "New Yorkies", but dropped the idea in the face of overwhelming public opposition.[24][25]
American Staffordshire Terrier
Main article: American Staffordshire Terrier
Although the early ancestors of this breed came from England, the development of the American Staffordshire Terrier is the story of a truly American breed. This type of dog was instrumental in the success of farmers and settlers who developed this country. They were used for general farm work, guarding the homestead, and general companionship.
A number of the early ancestors were also developed for the "sport" of dog fighting. The extraordinary vitality of this breed is a direct result of breeding for successful fighting dogs.[26]
Until the early part of the 19th century the Bulldog was bred with great care in England for the purpose of baiting bulls. Pictures from as late as 1870 represent the Bulldog of that day more like the present-day American Staffordshire Terrier than like the present-day Bulldog. Some writers contend it was the White English Terrier, or the Black and Tan Terrier, that was used as a cross with the Bulldog to perfect the Staffordshire Terrier. It seems easier to believe that any game terrier, such as the Fox Terrier of the early 1800s, was used in this cross, since some of the foremost authorities on dogs of that time state that the Black-and-Tan and the white English Terrier were none too game, but these same authorities go on to stress the gameness of the Fox Terrier. In analyzing the three above-mentioned terriers at that time, we find that there was not a great deal of difference in body conformation, the greatest differences being in color, aggressiveness, and spirit. In any event, it was the cross between the Bulldog and the terrier that resulted in the Staffordshire Terrier, which was originally called the Bull-and-Terrier Dog, Half and Half, and at times Pit Dog or Pit Bullterrier. Later, it assumed the name in England of Staffordshire Bull Terrier. These dogs began to find their way into America as early as 1870 where they became known as Pit Dog, Pit Bull Terrier, later American Bull Terrier, and still later as Yankee Terrier.[27]
Staffordshire Bull Terrier
Main article: Staffordshire Bull Terrier
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier had its beginnings in England many centuries ago when the bulldog and Mastiff were used for the sports of bull-baiting and bear-baiting; in the Elizabethan era, breeders produced large dogs for these sports but later on the 100–120 pound animal gave way to a small, more agile breed of up to 90 pounds.[28]
The sport of dog fighting gained popularity in England in the early 19th century and a smaller, faster dog was developed. It was called by names such as "Bulldog Terrier" and "Bull and Terrier". The Bulldog at that time was larger than the modern-day English Bulldog we know today, weighing about 60 pounds. This dog was crossed with a small native terrier, related to the present-day Manchester Terrier, to produce the Staffordshire Bull Terrier weighing on average between 30 and 45 pounds.[28]
James Hinks, in about 1860, crossed the Old Pit Bull Terrier, now known as the Staffordshire Bull Terrier, and produced the all-white English Bull Terrier. The Kennel Club in Great Britain recognized the Bull Terrier in the last quarter of the 19th century, but the Staffordshire Bull Terrier's reputation as a fighting dog was such that The Kennel Club did not recognize the breed until 1935, a century after the sport of dog fighting became illegal in Great Britain under the Cruelty to Animals Act 1835.[28]
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier was admitted to registration in the AKC Stud Book effective October 1, 1974, with regular show classification in the Terrier Group at AKC shows available on and after March 5, 1975.[29]
Related human fatalities
A limited number of studies have been performed on the number of human deaths due to bite trauma caused by dogs, and have generally surveyed news media stories for reports of dog bite-related fatalities. This methodology is subject to several potential sources of error: some fatal attacks may not have been reported; a study might not find all of the relevant news reports; and the potential for misidentification of dog breeds,[6] although courts in the United States[30][31] and Canada[32][33] have ruled that expert identification, when using published breed standards, is sufficient for the enforcement of breed-specific legislation. It is possible to distinguish dogs by breed using DNA testing,[33] but test results for any one dog can vary widely depending upon the laboratory that performs the test and the number of purebred dog breeds in the laboratory's DNA database.[34]
The number of fatalities attributed to pit bull-type dogs is not affected by a physiological "locking mechanism" since there is no evidence for the existence of such a mechanism in the teeth or jaw structure of normal pit bull-type dogs,[35] although many dog's jaws can be locked in a closed position by surgically-correctable jaw abnormalities.[36] Despite the lack of a physiological "jaw locking" mechanism, pit bull-type dogs often exhibit "bite, hold, and shake" behavior and refuse to release when biting,[19][37] so some pit bull rescue organizations and advocacy groups recommend owners of pit bull-type dogs carry a "break stick" to lever their dog's jaws open if it bites a person or animal.[17][38]
Beginning in the 1970s studies were undertaken that attempted to determine the danger specific breeds posed to public safety. The studies were primarily based on press coverage of dog attacks and nationwide breed population estimates.[citation needed] Most identified pit bull type dogs as a primary cause of dog related deaths. As a result of these surveys several countries and numerous regions have developed breed specific legislation identifying pit bulls as 'vicious' or 'dangerous' dog breeds.[citation needed] In recent years researchers have been able to compare the behavior of pit bull type breeds with breeds not labeled as dangerous. One study has shown that pit bulls within these areas "had no significant behavioral difference".[39]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2000)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published in 2000 a study on dog bite-related fatalities (DBRF) that covered the years 1979–1998. The study found reports of 238 people killed by dogs over the 24-year period, of which "pit bull terrier" or mixes thereof were reportedly responsible for killing 76, or about 32 percent, of the people killed by dogs in the attacks identified in the study. The breed with the next-highest number of attributed fatalities was the Rottweiler and mixes thereof, with 44 fatalities or about 18 percent of the study-identified fatalities. In aggregate, pit bulls, Rottweilers, and mixes thereof were involved in about 50% of the fatalities identified over the 20-year period covered by the study, and for 67% of the DBRF reported in the final two years studied (1997–1998), concluding
"It is extremely unlikely that they [pit bull-type dogs and Rottweilers] accounted for anywhere near 60% of dogs in the United States during that same period and, thus, there appears to be a breed-specific problem with fatalities."[6]
The report's authors went on to say:
"Although the fatality data are concerning, one must broaden the context to consider both fatal and nonfatal bites when deciding on a course of action. ...[A] 36% increase in medically attended bites from 1986 to 1994 draws attention to the need for an effective response, including dog bite prevention programs. Because (1) fatal bites constitute less than 0.00001% of all dog bites annually, (2) fatal bites have remained relatively constant over time, whereas nonfatal bites have been increasing, and (3) fatal bites are rare at the usual political level where bite regulations are promulgated and enforced, we believe that fatal bites should not be the primary factor driving public policy regarding dog bite prevention."
The report's authors suggested that "generic non–breed-specific, dangerous dog laws can be enacted that place primary responsibility for a dog's behavior on the owner, regardless of the dog's breed. In particular, targeting chronically irresponsible dog owners may be effective."[40]
The latest CDC "Dog Bite: Fact Sheet" includes a disclaimer regarding this study, saying that
"it does not identify specific breeds that are most likely to bite or kill, and thus is not appropriate for policy-making decisions related to the topic. Each year, 4.7 million Americans are bitten by dogs. These bites result in approximately 16 fatalities; about 0.0002 percent of the total number of people bitten. These relatively few fatalities offer the only available information about breeds involved in dog bites. There is currently no accurate way to identify the number of dogs of a particular breed, and consequently no measure to determine which breeds are more likely to bite or kill."[41]
National Canine Research Council
Karen Delise, Founder and Director of Research, has been investigating fatal dog attacks since 1990. She is the author of two books, Fatal Dog Attacks: The Stories Behind the Statistics and The Pit Bull Placebo: The Media Myths and Politics of Canine Aggression.[42][1] Her data set extends back to the 19th century. Delise refuses to rely only on news accounts, as she and other researchers have found them to be untrustworthy, in and of themselves.[43][2] Rather, she has obtained official documents whenever they are available. She has interviewed police investigators, animal control officers and, medical examiners.[44][3] According to her results, the overwhelming majority of dogs involved in human fatalities, irrespective of breed or type, were not dogs which had been afforded the opportunity to interact with humans on a daily basis and in positive and humane ways. They were dogs obtained and kept as other than pets. Most were also poorly managed and controlled.[45][4] Any single-vector study of serious and fatal attacks will overlook the critical circumstances in these incidents that have remained constant over the decades, even as the breeds identified in attacks have changed.
Canadian Veterinary Journal (2008)
An electronic search of newspaper articles by Dr. Malathi Raghavan, DVM, PhD, found that pit bull terriers were responsible for 1 of 28 (3.6%) dog bite-related fatalities reported in Canada from 1990 through 2007.[46]
Clifton report (2009)
Mr. Merritt Clifton, editor of Animal People News,[47] has compiled from press reports a log of dog attack deaths and severe bites in the United States and Canada from September 1982 through December 22, 2009. The study methodology counted attacks "by dogs of clearly identified breed type or ancestry, as designated by animal control officers or others with evident expertise, [that] have been kept as pets." Mr. Clifton acknowledges that the log "is by no means a complete list of fatal or otherwise serious dog attacks" since it excludes "dogs whose breed type may be uncertain, ...attacks by police dogs, guard dogs, and dogs trained specifically to fight..."[48]
The study found reports of 345 people killed by dogs over the 27-year period, of which "pit bull terrier", or mixes thereof, were reportedly responsible for killing 159, or about 46 percent, of the people killed by dogs in the attacks identified in the study. The breed with the next-highest number of attributed fatalities was the Rottweiler and mixes thereof, with 70 fatalities or about 20 percent of the study-identified fatalities; in aggregate, pit bulls, Rottweilers, and mixes thereof were involved in about 66% of the study-identified fatalities. In that same study, the number of serious maimings by a "pit bull terrier" was 778; the number of serious maimings by a Rottweiller was 244. The number of attributed fatalities to the German Shepherd dog was 9. The number of serious maimings by a German Shepherd was 50.[48]
Mr. Clifton concluded that
"Temperament is not the issue, nor is it even relevant. What is relevant is actuarial risk. If almost any other dog has a bad moment, someone may get bitten, but will not be maimed for life or killed, and the actuarial risk is accordingly reasonable. If a pit bull terrier has a bad moment, often someone is maimed or killed—and that has now created off-the-chart actuarial risk, for which the dogs as well as their victims are paying the price."[48]
More here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_Bull
El Pit Bull en la actualidad es un término genérico usado erróneamente para agrupar a diferentes razas o cruces de perros como: Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, American Pitbull Terrier y Staffordshire Bull Terrier.
El término es usado con diferentes razas y cruces entre ellas que presentan características físicas similares o también para referirse al American Pitbull Terrier como abreviatura. Sin embargo, en los tiempos en que las razas de perros de foso estaban en su apogeo, la definición de pit bull se refería a casi cualquier tipo de perro que se usaba para el deporte conocido como "Bull-baiting" el cual consistía en hacer pelear a uno o dos perros contra un toro, así como también el ratting, que consistía en echar a un perro a un pozo con ratas y ver cuál mataba más en menos tiempo.
Después en el condado de Stamford (Lincolnshire) se les comenzó a emplear para debilitar a las reses de sacrificio con la idea de que esto mejoraba el sabor de la carne y así cambió la definición de los terriers tipo bull, de grupo funcional a grupo racial y se consolidaron las razas de Staffordshire Terrier, Bull Terrier y Staffordshire Bull Terrier que hay actualmente. El pit bull perdió su clasificación y sólo en los años recientes se le comienza a registrar de nueva cuenta como perro de grupo funcional, en donde no importa su forma, si no únicamente su capacidad para desempeñar un trabajo.
Los pit bull en la actualidad se desempeñan con alta honorabilidad en la detección de narcóticos, en los servicios de seguridad y como excelentes mascotas.
Peligrosidad
Merritt Clifton, editor de Animal People News,[1] ha confeccionado, a partir de noticias de la prensa, un registros de muertes y mordeduras graves por ataques de perros en los Estados Unidos y Canadá desde septiembre de 1982 hasta el 22 de diciembre del 2009. Se contabilizaron los ataques "por perros de raza o linaje determinados por las autoridades de control de animales u otros de acreditada experiencia y que se mantenían como mascotas." El señor Clifton admite que el registro "no es de ningún modo una lista completa de ataques mortales o graves de perros", ya que excluye a "perros de raza incierta, ... ataques por perros policía, perros guardianes y perros entrenados específicamente para pelear". [2] En el estudio constaron 345 personas muertas por perros en dicho periodo de 27 años, de los cuales los "pit bull terriers" y sus cruces con otras razas fueron responsables de la muerte de 159, esto es, de cerca del 46% de las muertes.
Legislación
En muchos países hay legislación especial para razas de perros peligrosas. Por ejemplo, algunos gobiernos, como el de Australia, han prohibido la importación de razas específicas, incluyendo la de pit bull, y requieren la castración de todos los perros existentes de esas razas en un intento para eliminar lentamente la población.[3] [4] En Malta es ilegal tener a un pitbull terrier, y si esos perros son introducidos en Malta, la persona responsable es juzgada y los perros atrapados y matados.
Ver más:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_bull
El término es usado con diferentes razas y cruces entre ellas que presentan características físicas similares o también para referirse al American Pitbull Terrier como abreviatura. Sin embargo, en los tiempos en que las razas de perros de foso estaban en su apogeo, la definición de pit bull se refería a casi cualquier tipo de perro que se usaba para el deporte conocido como "Bull-baiting" el cual consistía en hacer pelear a uno o dos perros contra un toro, así como también el ratting, que consistía en echar a un perro a un pozo con ratas y ver cuál mataba más en menos tiempo.
Después en el condado de Stamford (Lincolnshire) se les comenzó a emplear para debilitar a las reses de sacrificio con la idea de que esto mejoraba el sabor de la carne y así cambió la definición de los terriers tipo bull, de grupo funcional a grupo racial y se consolidaron las razas de Staffordshire Terrier, Bull Terrier y Staffordshire Bull Terrier que hay actualmente. El pit bull perdió su clasificación y sólo en los años recientes se le comienza a registrar de nueva cuenta como perro de grupo funcional, en donde no importa su forma, si no únicamente su capacidad para desempeñar un trabajo.
Los pit bull en la actualidad se desempeñan con alta honorabilidad en la detección de narcóticos, en los servicios de seguridad y como excelentes mascotas.
Peligrosidad
Merritt Clifton, editor de Animal People News,[1] ha confeccionado, a partir de noticias de la prensa, un registros de muertes y mordeduras graves por ataques de perros en los Estados Unidos y Canadá desde septiembre de 1982 hasta el 22 de diciembre del 2009. Se contabilizaron los ataques "por perros de raza o linaje determinados por las autoridades de control de animales u otros de acreditada experiencia y que se mantenían como mascotas." El señor Clifton admite que el registro "no es de ningún modo una lista completa de ataques mortales o graves de perros", ya que excluye a "perros de raza incierta, ... ataques por perros policía, perros guardianes y perros entrenados específicamente para pelear". [2] En el estudio constaron 345 personas muertas por perros en dicho periodo de 27 años, de los cuales los "pit bull terriers" y sus cruces con otras razas fueron responsables de la muerte de 159, esto es, de cerca del 46% de las muertes.
Legislación
En muchos países hay legislación especial para razas de perros peligrosas. Por ejemplo, algunos gobiernos, como el de Australia, han prohibido la importación de razas específicas, incluyendo la de pit bull, y requieren la castración de todos los perros existentes de esas razas en un intento para eliminar lentamente la población.[3] [4] En Malta es ilegal tener a un pitbull terrier, y si esos perros son introducidos en Malta, la persona responsable es juzgada y los perros atrapados y matados.
Ver más:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_bull
The Pit Bull is a wonderful dog with a bad fame.
The problem is not the dog, the problem is the human who teach bad things, agresivity, for example.
The natural character of the pitbull is beautiful, they are sugar, no problems for kids, good companions, they love the family, are social with people.
The crux is the education that the human gives to dogs, be very clear in this, be sweet and you will have a sweet dog, as in humans, if you are agresive with a son,it is difficult for your child to be sweet and with good oportunities in his life.
I love these smart boys :)
RM
El Pit Bull es un perro maravilloso con una mala fama.
El problema no es el perro, el problema es el hombre que enseñan cosas malas, agresividad, por ejemplo.
El carácter natural de los pitbull es hermosa, que son el azúcar, no hay problema para los niños, buenos compañeros, les encanta la familia, son de índole social con la gente.
La clave es la educación que el ser humano da a los perros, sea muy claro en esto, ser dulce y tendrás un perro dulce, como en los humanos, si usted es agresiva con un hijo, es difícil para su hijo a ser dulce y con oportunidades buenas en su vida.
Me encantan estos chicos listos:)
RM
The problem is not the dog, the problem is the human who teach bad things, agresivity, for example.
The natural character of the pitbull is beautiful, they are sugar, no problems for kids, good companions, they love the family, are social with people.
The crux is the education that the human gives to dogs, be very clear in this, be sweet and you will have a sweet dog, as in humans, if you are agresive with a son,it is difficult for your child to be sweet and with good oportunities in his life.
I love these smart boys :)
RM
El Pit Bull es un perro maravilloso con una mala fama.
El problema no es el perro, el problema es el hombre que enseñan cosas malas, agresividad, por ejemplo.
El carácter natural de los pitbull es hermosa, que son el azúcar, no hay problema para los niños, buenos compañeros, les encanta la familia, son de índole social con la gente.
La clave es la educación que el ser humano da a los perros, sea muy claro en esto, ser dulce y tendrás un perro dulce, como en los humanos, si usted es agresiva con un hijo, es difícil para su hijo a ser dulce y con oportunidades buenas en su vida.
Me encantan estos chicos listos:)
RM
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Mis blogs son una casa abierta a todas las culturas, religiones y países. Se un seguidor si quieres, con esta acción usted está construyendo una nueva cultura de la tolerancia, la mente y el corazón abiertos para la paz, el amor y el respeto humano.
Gracias :)
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totalmente de acuerdo con vos;"el problema no es del chancho,sino del que le da de comer",dice el dicho.
Tengo una pittbull,que es de mi hermano que es maravillosa..tiene sus rayes,pero es hermosa;ama a mi otra perra y a mi gata,como a nadie.y el amor que le tiene a mi hermano,no tiene nombre.
Asi,que para mi,el pitt es un perro increible.
un besito!
Gracias Lucila, culpa la tardanza de la contestación, he estado un tiempo fuera del mapa.
El Pit es un perro grandioso con un corazón grande como una casa, los adoro, son un azúcar.
Si una persona no les teme a los animales y va con su corazón sin malas intenciones, ellos saben ver y hasta el más bravo se abre, es un problema de las personas que no sabemos respetar ni con-graciar, en la gracia reside esa luz que abre cualquier puerta, hasta la más corroida.
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